COMPUTER STUDIES QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIGITAL AND ANALOGUE DATA AND COMPUTERS
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MICRO-COMPUTERS AND MAINFRAME COMPUTERS
CategoriesJoin our Whatsapp Notifications and Newsletterstouch here COURTESY OF ATIKA SCHOOL All THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MEMORY DATA REGISTERS (MDR)INSTRUCTION REGISTER
​Instruction Register Instructions register (IR) is used to store the instruction currently being executed or decoded.
ACCUMULATOR
Accumulator or An accumulator is a register for short -term . intermediate storage of arithmetic and logic data in a computer’s CPU (central processing unit).
STORAGE REGISTER
Storage Register Holds a piece of data that is on its way to and from the CPU and the main memory.
ADDRESS REGISTER
The Memory Address Register (MAR) is a CPU register that either stores the memory address from which data will be fetched to the CPU or the address to which data will be sent and stored.
CategoriesJoin our Whatsapp Notifications and Newsletterstouch here COURTESY OF ATIKA SCHOOL All DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HARD COPY AND SOFT COPY OUTPUT DEVICESOutput from the computer can normally be in several forms. Give the difference between the following methods.(2Marks)
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SOFTCOPY
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HARDCOPY
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1
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it is intangible
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it is tangible
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2
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it is flexible in editing
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cannot be easily edited
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3
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​does not require stationery
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requires stationery
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4
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they are cheap to produce
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they are expensive to produce
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5
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easily transmissible
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​difficult to distribute
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6
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requires electrical signals to use
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after printing does not require electrical signals
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7
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has no mass
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has mass
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Join our Whatsapp Notifications and Newsletterstouch here COURTESY OF ATIKA SCHOOL
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1998
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APPLICATIONS AREAS OF ICT
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COMPUTER SYSTEMS
DATABASE
DATA PROCESSING
DATA SECURITY AND CONTROLS
ELEMENTARY PROGRAMMING PRINCIPLES
FIELD
FILE
FORM 1
FORM 2
FORM 3
FORM 4
IMPACT OF I.C.T ON SOCIETY
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING AND DATA COMMUNICATION
KCSE 2018
KCSE QUESTIONS 1998
KCSE QUESTIONS 2007
MIND BLOWING Q & A
MOCKS
Operating System
OPERATING SYSTEMS
OUTPUT DEVICES
PROGRAM DESIGN
RECORD
REVISION KITS
SPREADSHEET
SPREADSHEETS
STORAGE DEVICES
SYSTEM DESIGN
THE COMPUTER LABORATORY
WORD PROCESSORS
​FREE KCSE PAST PAPERS 2018: COMPUTER STUDIES FORM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
State two reasons for the increased use of laptop computers in government offices. (2 marks)
- They are small and fit in a small storage space.
- They are light weight hence can be carried to areas where their services are required.
- The monitor, system unit, keyboard units are attached together hence making its use to be convenient.
- Rechargeable / backup battery.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the two correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 2 marks.
Computer network technicians prefer to use command-line based operating system when configuring networks. State three reasons for the preference. (3 marks)
- ​They do not take up a lot of memory hence boot faster than the GUI OS.
- They have direct access or most hardware devices.
- They are cheaper to acquire as some can be downloaded free of charge.
- They can run on lower —bit hardware systems such as 32-bit computers.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
State three measures that should be put in place in a computer laboratory to safeguard users’ health. (3 marks)
- All power cables must be insulated and hidden from users.
- The furniture used must be of standard computer furniture.
- The room should be lit with adequate lighting.
- The room must be ventilated.
- Computer monitor should be fitted with antiglare to filter excess light rays emanating from the monitor.
- Avoid slippery floors/cemented floors.
- Controlling dust.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
State three ways in which barcode readers may be used in schools. (3 marks)
- To take inventory of items in the school.
- To keep track of employee login log out.
- Used to transact business in the library.
- Used to keep track of movement of goods.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
State three advantage of flat panel monitors over cathode ray tube monitors as used in computers. (3 marks)
- They are compact and light weight;
- They consume less power;
- They do not suffer from geometrical distortions;
- They do not cause eye fatigue.
- They support many advanced technologies;
- They can be made in almost any size and shape;
- They support higher resolution.
- Low heat radiation.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
State three possible reasons for the extinction of daisy wheel printers in the market. (3 marks)
- ​They supported one font size and font face;
- They were monochrome printers;
- They produced noise while printing;
- They were very slow;
- Did not print graphics.
- Had poor print quality.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
State three ways in which an operating system secures a computer system. (3 mark)
- Access controls: Authentication of users in order to access files;
- Performing regular patches of updates;
- Creating secure accounts with required privileges;
- Scrutinizing all incoming and outgoing packets of data through a firewall;
- Encryption of data, during the transmission stage;
- Password / biometric analysis;
- Log files to detect any breach.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the three correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 3 marks.
A law firm prefers to use hard copy output over soft copy output when handling documents for legal matters. State two reasons for this preference. (2 marks)
- ​They are acceptable as exhibit in cases of litigation.
- Can be used without a computer.
- They are difficult to change without leaving any trace.
- They can be used without power.
- They can be used without the experience of computer usage.
- Any of these or correct answer had 1 mark each.
- Any of the two correct answers regardless of the arrangement scored 2 marks.
Distinguish between real-time operating system and distributed operating system. (3 marks)
- Real-time OS reads information from input devices and must respond within a short duration of time to ensure correct performance.
- Distributed OS distributes computation among several physical processors which do not share memory or clock.
- Three marks for clear differences between real-time and distributed OS
Analysis of form 1 questions in kcse 2018 computer studies paper 1
Weight of form 1 marks vs total marks in KCSE 2018 computer studies paper 1
- 25 marks were carried from form 1 representing 25% of all paper 1 marks
How marks were distributed across all form 1 topics
- Introduction to Computers - 5 marks
- The Computer System - 11 marks
- The Operating System - 9 marks
Advice to Users
JUNE 2019, FORM 1 COMPUTER STUDIES MIND BLOWING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
​1. Write the following acronyms in full
- OBR -
Optical Barcode Reader - OCR -
Optical Character Recognition - OMR -
Optical Mark Recognition - MICR -
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition - MRI -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
​2. State advantages of the keyboard over a mouse
- Keyboard can input text data, a mouse cannot.
- A keyboard can operate a computer without a mouse but a mouse cannot fully operate the computer without a keyboard.
- A keyboard can work on a multiple operating system such as command line interface, while a mouse only works on graphical user interface and menu driven interface.
- A keyboard has more operating and input features as compared to a mouse these features include function keys, special PC operation keys, data movement and editing keys and alphanumeric and numeric keypad keys. These features almost does everything to accomplish a task with a computer. While a mouse can only input instructions/commands.
3. Which input devices is recommended for use by blind people.
- Braille keyboard
- Voice input
- Smart gloves (turning sign language to text)
​4. Distinguish between magnetic and optical scanners
5. State two advantages of using a light pen over other input devices
- With a light pen, digital signatures are possible.
- It is easier to make drawings with light pen than other input devices.
​6. State 3 factors to consider when purchasing/selecting input devices.
- ​What the device is intended for
what are you intending to use this device for? - Bulkiness of the device / portability / stationery
this is how big or small the machine is and if it can be carried from one place to another for use or not - Amount of work to be handled
bulky work needs faster machines - Type of input data
it can be text, voice, instruction, sign language etc. - Initial Cost
the cost of buying the input device - Maintenance cost
this is the cost at which the buyer incur after the machine malfunction - Warranty / documentation
agreement between the buyer and seller on terms of after sale service and prove of purchase - User-friendliness
the interaction with users should be easy and friendly - User ability / disability
there are users with disability such as blind,crippled or dumb - Quality of input device
e.g. water proof, coating materials that can guarantee durability, power consumption etc. - The speed at which the input device captures data
this is the frequency at which it captures over a given duration of time. Input devices such as scanners are faster than keyboard and more accurate. - Hardware / software compatibility
ability for its software to work with other available software packages - Upgradability
capability of being improved in functionality by the addition or replacement of components or software. - Interface / connectivity
The type of interface used for connectivity should be available for your computer hardware. In most cases, USB and HDMI interface is used. - Versatility
This is the ability of a machine to adapt to other functions other than input data. The functions may include printing and photocopying.
1. input
Input of data is a main function because all other functions depend on the incoming data for processing and output.
2. processing
Processing is an act where a computer converts raw meaningless piece of information called data into a more meaningful piece of information.
This is normally done with a closer help of primary storage devices such as the RAM, and special types of memories such as the registers, buffers and cache memory.
Processing is a main function of a computer because of the conversion, manipulation of numeric data and logical decisions.
3. Output
The functions of a computer system cannot be complete without the output, simply because it gives a feedback of the result for the computer user to digest, change, amend, store or print.
What is a laser printer?
How a laser printer works
- Millions of bytes (characters) of data stream into the printer from your computer.
- An electronic circuit in the printer (effectively, a small computer in its own right) figures out how to print this data so it looks correct on the page.
- The electronic circuit activates the corona wire. This is a high-voltage wire that gives a static electric charge to anything nearby.
- The corona wire charges up the photoreceptor drum so the drum gains a positive charge spread uniformly across its surface.
- At the same time, the circuit activates the laser to make it draw the image of the page onto the drum. The laser beam doesn't actually move: it bounces off a moving mirror that scans it over the drum. Where the laser beam hits the drum, it erases the positive charge that was there and creates an area of negative charge instead. Gradually, an image of the entire page builds up on the drum: where the page should be white, there are areas with a positive charge; where the page should be black, there are areas of negative charge.
- An ink roller touching the photoreceptor drum coats it with tiny particles of powdered ink (toner). The toner has been given a positive electrical charge, so it sticks to the parts of the photoreceptor drum that have a negative charge (remember that opposite electrical charges attract in the same way that opposite poles of a magnet attract). No ink is attracted to the parts of the drum that have a positive charge. An inked image of the page builds up on the drum.
- A sheet of paper from a hopper on the other side of the printer feeds up toward the drum. As it moves along, the paper is given a strong positive electrical charge by another corona wire.
- When the paper moves near the drum, its positive charge attracts the negatively charged toner particles away from the drum. The image is transferred from the drum onto the paper but, for the moment, the toner particles are just resting lightly on the paper's surface.
- The inked paper passes through two hot rollers (the fuser unit). The heat and pressure from the rollers fuse the toner particles permanently into the fibers of the paper.
- The printout emerges from the side of the copier. Thanks to the fuser unit, the paper is still warm. It's literally hot off the press!
Source: EXPLAINTHATSTUFF!
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Advantages of laser printers
- They produce neat and high quality work
- They are fast in printing
- They are cheap to maintain
- They can print back-to-back pages (both sides of the page automatically and sequentially)
- They can print a series multiple pages
- Don't make noise while printing
- Can print both graphic and text
Read More ...
Disadvantages of laser printers
- They are expensive to acquire
- They cannot produce multiple copies output
- Their toner (ink gadget) is expensive to acquire
Additional Information ...
wHAT ARE SECONDARY sTORAGE DEVICES?
These devices can be categorized as:
Related links ..
- Removable storage media
- Magnetic storage media
- Floppy Disk
- Zip disk
- LS-120 Superdisk
- Magnetic tape
- Optical storage media
- Optical card
- Compact disk (CD)
- Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)
- Optical tape
- Solid state storage media
- Memory card
- Flash disk
- Magnetic storage media
- Fixed Storage media
- Magnetic storage media
- Examples: The hard disk (HDD)
- Magnetic storage media
DRAW A DIAGRAM SHOWING THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER HARDWARE. NAME THE UNITS
01. INPUT DECICES
Examples of these devices include:
- Keyboard/Keypad
- Mouse
- Trackball
- Scanner
- Digitizer
- Whiteboard
- Digital camera
- Joy stick
02. Central Processing unit
- Manipulate numeric and logic data (A.L.U - Arithmetic & Logic Unit)
- Coordinate processing activities (Control Unit)
- Provide temporary storage (Registers, buffers and caches)
03. Primary Storage
- RAM - Random Access Memory
- ROM - Read Only Memory
- Logical Drives: These are hard disk partitions that behaves like a RAM once that memory in the RAM has been fully utilized.
04. Secondary Storage
- Fixed Storage Devices
- Magnetic
- The Hard Disk
- Magnetic
- Portable Storage Devices
- Solid State Storage Devices
- Memory card
- Flash Disk
- Magnetic storage devices
- Magnetic tapes
- Floppy disks
- Zip disks
- Magnetic tape
- optical storage devices
- Compact disks (CD)
- Digital Versatile Disks (DVD)
- Solid State Storage Devices
05. Output Devices
- Hard Copy
- Printer
- Plotter
- Soft Copy
- Screen/Monitor/VDU
- LED - Light Emitting Diode
- Sound Output (such as speakers)
01. FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS
This is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied. as a thermionic tube or thermionic valve uses the phenomenon of thermionic emission of electrons from a heated cathode and is used for a number of fundamental electronic functions such as signal amplification and current rectification. [Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube]
02. SECOND GENERATION COMPUTERS
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.
How does a transistor work ?
By turning a small input current into a large output current, the transistor acts like an amplifier. But it also acts like a switch at the same time. When there is no current to the base, little or no current flows between the collector and the emitter. Turn on the base current and a big current flows.
[Source: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-use-of-transistors-in-a-circuit#]
03. THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS
A collection of transistors make up an Integrated Circuit
An integrated circuit (IC), sometimes called a chip or microchip, is a semiconductor wafer on which thousands or millions of tiny resistors, capacitors, and transistors are fabricated. An IC can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter, computer memory, or microprocessor. A particular IC is categorized as either linear (analog) or digital, depending on its intended application. [Source: https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/integrated-circuit-IC]
04. FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS
VLSI is an acronym that represents Very Large Scale Integrated.
A collection of Integrated Circuits (ICs) Make up VLSI
An Integrated Circuit is the circuit in which all the Passive and Active components are fabricated onto a single chip. Initially the Integrated Chip could accommodate only a few components. As the days passed, the devices became more complex and required more number of circuits which made the devices look bulky. Instead of accommodating more circuits in the system, an Integration technology was developed to increase the number of components that are to be placed on a single chip. This Technology not only helped to reduce the size of the devices but also improved their speed. Depending upon the number of components (Transistors) to be integrated, they were categorized as SSI, MSI, LSI, VLSI, ULSI & GSI.
Small Scale Integration (SSI):
- In this Technology, 1-100 Transistors were fabricated on a single chip. eg Gates , Flipflops.
- Using this Technology, 100-1000 number of Transistors could be integrated on a single chip. eg 4 bit Microprocessors.
- In this Technology, 1000-10000 Transistors could be integrated on a single chip. eg 8 bit Microprocessors, RAM, ROM
- In this Technology, 10000-1 Million Transistors could be accommodated. Eg 16-32 bit Microprocessors.
- In this Technology, 1 Million-10 Million Transistors could be accommodated. Eg Special Purpose Registers.
- In this Technology more than 10 Million Transistors could be accommodated. Eg Embedded Systems.
What is an operating system
​These services consist of disk and file management, input/output activities, storage resources, diverse support services and control of various resources.
Some popular Operating Systems include Linux Operating System, Windows Operating System, VMS, OS/400, AIX, z/OS, etc.
factors to consider when choosing an operating system
- Hardware Configuration i.e. speed, capacity, memory etc.
- Make, size and nature of the computer i.e. laptop, desktop, phone, super computer, calculator etc.
- Application intended for the computer. i.e. if the computer is a special purpose or general purpose
- User friendliness i.e. capable for support Graphical User Interfaces (G.U.I)
- Documentation such as warranty that spells terms of trade, receipt/invoices, user's manual etc.
- The initial cost and maintenance cost.
- Reliability and security.
- Number of processors and hardware available
- Number of users
- Upgradeability
STATE REASONS WHY IS RECOMMENDED TO HAVE STANDARD FURNITURE IN THE COMPUTER LABORATORY
What it means by standard furniture
- Chairs
chairs support liveware (computer users) while using computers - Tables
tables support computers (hardware) and their peripheral devices such as printers and scanners.
Why standard furniture?
- Chairs support computer users while using computers in the following ways;
- they should have a straight backrest to prevent computer users from straining to find comfort and also to avoiding back pains.
- They should be high enough to raise the user's eyes be on the same level with the screen. This prevents eye strain and neck pains.
- They should be strong enough to accommodate weight of the computer user. This avoids breaking thus felling the user.
- Tables should be strong enough to:
- Support computers and other peripheral devices. This prevents them from falling down which may cause damage
- They should be enhanced in a way that cables can easily laid between computer parts and the power source to avert distractions and untidiness.
- They should be wide enough to make usage of the keyboard and the mouse more easier
STATE FIVE WAYS HOW KENYAN YOUTHS CAN USE COMPUTERS TO CREATE JOBS
1. RETAIL COMPUTERS
2. ENGAGE IN PROGRAMMING
3. ENGAGE IN GRAPHIC & ENGINEERING DESIGNS
4. LAUNCH A COMPUTER SCHOOL
5. ENGAGE IN ONLINE MARKETING & BLOGGING
6. LAUNCH CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES
7. REGISTER, BUY, PARK AND SELL DOMAINS, DESIGN WEBSITES AND MOBILE APPLICATIONS
8. OFFER TECHNICAL SERVICES SUCH AS REPAIR AND MAINTAINANCE
9. ENGAGE IN NETPRENEURSHIP AND FREELANCE SERVICES
10. PRODUCTION OF VIDEOS, ENTERTAINMENT, PODCASTS & MUSIC LYRICS
STATE THREE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS YOU WOULD UNDERTAKE IF THE COMPUTER LABORATORY YOU ARE WORKING IN CATCHES FIRE
1. RAISE ALARM
2. RICH FOR THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND TRY TO PUT OFF
3. TRY TO EVACUATE OTHER STUDENTS
4. IF YOU CAN SPOT POWER MAIN SWITCH, TURN IT OFF.
5. BEND LOW AS YOU EXIT TO AVOID SUFFOCATION FROM SMOKE.
STATE FOUR REASONS WHY SMALL COMPUTERS SUCH AS PALMTOPS SOMETIMES TEND TO BE MORE EXPENSIVE THAN DESKTOPS WITH THE SAME FEATURES.
1. Small computers have high demand. This pushes prices high
2. The technology used to manufacture small computers is more advanced
3. They are portable
4. Have internal battery
5. They consume less power
6. They occupy less space
7. They have more multimedia capabilities and social media applications that drives up costs
8. They can be used in the absence of power
9. Some are made from precious metals such as gold
WRITE THE FOLLOWING ACRONYMS IN FULL
1. AI
2. ICT
3. ENIAC
4. UPS
5. CPU
Read more about the CPU ...
DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF COMPUTERS: DIGITAL,DEDICATED, MAINFRAME COMPUTERS
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DIGITAL COMPUTERS
In addition Numerical Data can be Discrete or Continuous: Discrete data is counted while Continuous data is measured
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DEDICATED COMPUTERS
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MAINFRAME COMPUTERS
STATE ANY FOUR DEVICES FOUND IN THE COMPUTER CHASSIS (SYSTEM UNIT)
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MEMORY (RAM AND ROM)
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MOTHER BOARD (SYSTEM BOARD)
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DISK DRIVES
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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) /PROCESSOR /MICROPROCESSOR
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POWER SUPPLY UNIT (PSU)
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SYSTEM FAN
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HEAT SINK
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LOUD SPEAKERS
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LIGHT EMMITING DIODES (LED)
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GRAPHIC ADAPTAR CARDS
STATE 5 CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRST GENERATION COMPUTERS
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They were large in size
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They used vacuum tubes and thermionic valves to process and amplify electric signals
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They generated alot of heat
the heat was primarily from vacuum tubes that were used as memory. frequently they could overheat and blow up
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They consumed a lot of power
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Had less memory and storage capacity
UNIVAC used up to 128 bytes of memory, this is very low when compared to modern computers
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Slow in processing
the speed of first generation computers was measured in milliseconds per execution, today, we measure in microseconds per execution.
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