KCSE History and Government Questions With Answers
Name two main political challenges that have faced the Democratic Republic of Congo since independence.
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State one way through which the European maintained peace among themselves during the partition of Africa.
Identify one way in which African reacted to European colonization of Africa
Armed resistance/revolting Collaboration/signing treaties State two similarities between the Buganda and the Ndebele systems of government in 19th Century.15/5/2020 State two similarities between the Buganda and the Ndebele systems of government in 19th Century.
Both systems were centralized They ruled by hereditary monarchs/kings/kingship was hereditary They had a strong standing army Their king had absolute powers/chief judge/religions leader/appointed administration leaders. Ruled by kings Commandant chief State two religious practices of the ancient Egyptians.
They preserved the bodies of the dead They worshipped many god/polytheism They worshipped in temples Priests acted as intermediaries between the pople and God /conducted religious ceremonies They offered sacrifices to the gods Buried their kings with their treasure/festivals State one reason why International Trade Agreements are signed.
Identify two ways in which Industrial Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.15/5/2020 Identify two ways in which Industrial Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.
Give two ways in which the Agrarian Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.15/5/2020 Give two ways in which the Agrarian Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.
Identify one advantage of barter as a system of exchange in the trans-Saharan trade.
State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of industrial energy.
Give two factors that influence the growth of early urban centers in Africa.
They developed as a result of trade. They developed in areas which could be easily defended /security They developed as centers of agriculture /food/fertile soils They developed areas where water was available They develop centers of government /administration They developed in areas where water was available Mining /Industry Religion/Cultural centers Education centers Ports/harbours Identify two ways in which early man used stone tools.
Explain the contributions of the trade union movement in the struggle for independence.
Mobilized workers against the colonial government by use of strikes. It brought together workers / people from all parts of the country thus promoting the spirit of nationalism. The union leaders traveled to all parts of the country to mobilize workers support for the nationalist struggle. It motivated workers to sustain the struggle for their political rights/ self governance. Trade union leaders worked together with nationalists / political parties. Trade Union became the vehicle / voice through which nationalists ideas / protests were channeled, especially after the state of emergency was declared. Trade Union leaders became prominent members of political associations that fought for independence (e.g. T.J. Mboya, Fred Kubai) Describe five demands made by trade unionists in Kenya during the colonial period.
They called for removal of social discrimination in places of work. They demanded same job opportunities with European. They demanded better wages. They demanded for reduction of working hours. They advocated for the abolition of repressive and discriminatory labour laws. They demanded for the equal wages for equal work done by people of different races. They demanded for the release of their leaders who had been arrested during the strike and demonstrations. Explain six ways in which the government of Kenya uses its revenue.
Identify threes types of taxes paid by Kenyans to the government.
Service charge that is paid directly through deductions form salaries. Income tax which is paid by every employed person through monthly deductions. Withholding tax which is deducted from the interest earned on investment. Custom duties imposed on goods that come into Kenya / Airport tax. Excise duty levied goods produced within the country. Sales tax paid by people for things that they buy form shops / value added tax. (VAT) Explain six functions of the cabinet in Kenya
What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya?
Explain how the existence of many parties had promoted democracy in Kenya.
It had promoted freedom of association by providing alternative parties for people It has provided people with a forum to express their views about how a country should be managed. It had made the government more accountable to the people through constant criticism. It has provided checks and balanced to abuse and misuse of powers by leaders. It has provided system of scrutinizing government expenditure through public .Accounts Committee and Public Investment Committee. It had made people feel free to contribute ideas to any aspect of development in the country without feeling intimidated. It has enabled people who wish to form political parties to go ahead and do so. What factors led to the development of multi party democracy in Kenya in the early 1990’s14/5/2020 What factors led to the development of multi party democracy in Kenya in the early 1990’s
Describe the social organization of the Agikuyu during the Pre – colonial period.
The smallest social unit was the family. Several related families formed a clan (mbari) which lived in a defined area. The Agikuyu practiced circumcision for boys and clictoridectomy for girls. The Agikuyu had age – set system (riika) made up of boys and girls who were initiated at the same period. Members of the age set worked together and considered each other as brothers and sisters. Marriage was highly regarded among the Agikuyu as one would raise a family and also own properties. The Agikuyu believed in the existence of a supreme God called Ngai who lived on Mount Kenya (Kirinyaga) The Agikuyu had prayed and made sacrifices to God on various occasions. The Agikuyu also believed in the existence of ancestral spirit who acted as intermediaries between God and the people. The Agikuyu had sacred places of worship such as groves and fig trees. The Agikuyu had some specialists such as prophets, medicine people and rainmakers who were consulted in time of need. State three ways through which communities in Kenya interacted during the pre – colonial period.14/5/2020 State three ways through which communities in Kenya interacted during the pre – colonial period.
Communities exchanged goods through trade. They raided each other for livestock They fought wars with each other. They inter – married Explain why Kenya communities were defeated by the British during the establishment of colonial rule.
Give five reasons why Britain colonized Kenya.
To establish their control over the source of River Nile because of their interests in Egypt. To help stop slave trade in the region and replace it with legitimate trade. To protect their missionaries who were already in Kenya so that they could carry out their missionary work/ spread of Western civilization. To establish a reliable market for their manufactured goods in Britain. For prestige To ensure settlements for surplus population. To invest surplus / excess capital To secure sources of raw materials. To prevent colonization of Kenya by other powers. Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Portuguese rule over the Kenyan coast.
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