Mastering KCSE Biology with Comprehensive Topical Questions and Answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN19
(a) Using the axes provided below, sketch a curve to illustrate the growth pattern observed in the phylum arthropoda.
(b) Explain the growth pattern observed observed in arthropods.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN18
The diagram below shows an experimental set-up to investigate the conditions necessary for germination. Test tube P was placed in a refrigerator while Q was left at room temperature. The set-ups were observed regularly for two weeks but no germination occurred.
​Explain the observations in P and Q.
P Q
answers
​ P - the low temperature/freezing temperature inactivated enzymes;
Q - Boiling eliminated oxygen; oil layer prevented entry of oxygen necessary for respiration during growth;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN17
What happens to the glucose synthesized during photosynthesis?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN17
How is a human stomach adapted to
(i) protein digestion? (ii) churning?
answers
​ (i) Has gastric glands; that secrete gastric juice;
(ii) Thick muscular wall; that contract and relax;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN16
State four structural differences between millipedes and centipedes.
answers
Millipedes Centipedes
Cylindrical body Dorso - ventrally flattened Head has two clumps of many simple eyes Head has a pair of simple eyes Each segment has two pairs of walking Each segment has a pair of waking legs legs (except the first thoracic segment) Head has a pair of short antennae; Head has a pair of long antennae. No poison claws Has poison claws Three body parts - head short, throrax, Two body parts - head and trunk and trunk Has anterior genital aperture Has aposterior genital aperture Has 9 - 100 segments Has 15 - 21 segments K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN15
The photomicrographs below show the various stages of cell division in a certain plant.
​(a) (i) Name the type of cell division illustrated.
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a) (i) above. (b) (i) Name the stage of cell division labelled K. (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (b) (i) above.
answers
​(a) (i) Mitosis;
(ii) Formation of two daughter cells. (b) (i) Metaphase; (ii) Chromosomes are at the equator
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN14
Name two types of involuntary muscles in mammals.
b)State the location of each of the muscles named in (a) above.
answers
Cardiac muscles - heart
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN13
State three differences between the end products of mitosis and meiosis.K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN12
​(a) What is meant by each of the following:
(i) pyramid of biomass? (ii) pyramid of numbers’? (b) During an ecological visit to the Savanna Grassland, students were able to see lions, antelopes, vultures and pastoralists grazing their cattle. Construct a food chain with four consumer levels to illustrate the energy flow in the ecosystem.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN11
Name two structures used for gaseous exchange in plants.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN10
The diagram below illustrates the skulls of adult human and chimpanzee.
​(a) State one difference between the two skulls in the following structures:
​(b) State the significance of the evolution observed on the parietal bone in the chimpanzee and human skulls.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN09
The diagram below shows an experimental set up to investigate a certain physiological process in plants.
​(a) State the aim of the experiment.
(b) State the role of the following in the experiment: (i) potassium hydroxide; (ii) aluminum foil. (c) Account for the expected colour change in tube F.
answers
​(a) To show that carbon (TV) oxide is produced during respiration in plants;
(b) (i) Absorb carbon (IV) oxide from the (incoming) air; (ii) Exclude light / to prevent photosynthesis; (c) No colour change in tube F / no observable colour change. Carbon (IV) oxide removed/absorbed from air by potassium hydroxide.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN08
State two control measures for malaria.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN08
Name the organism that:
(î) causes malaria; (ii) transmits malaria.
answers
​(i) Plasmodium spp/malariae, vivax, Ovale, falseparum;
(ii) Anopheles female mosquito;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN07
How is a guard cell structurally adapted for gaseous exchange?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN06
Students set up an experiment as illustrated below.
​(a) Name the physiological process that resulted in the observations made after 30 minutes.
(b) State the importance of the physiological process investigated in plants. (c) Explain the observations made after 30 minutes.
answers
​(a) Osmosis;
(b) Absorption of water from the soil; opening and closing of stoma; feeding in insectivorous plants; support (in seedlings, leaves,herbaceous plants); Movement of water from cell to cell in plants. (c) The thistle funnel gained water by osmosis; because the sucrose solution was hypertonic;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN05
How is the low power objective lens manipulated to focus a specimen for observation under a light microscope?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN05
State two advantages of using a coverslip when preparing a specimen for observation under a light microscope.
answers
​(i) To hold the specimen in place;
(ii) Protects specimen from dehydration/drying up/dust particles; (iii)Protect objective lens from staining. K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN04
Colour blindness is a sex linked trait controlled by a recessive gene b. If a mother is a carrier and the father is normal, what is the chance that their son will be colour blind? Show your working.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN03
.An individual is of blood group B positive.
(a) Name the antigens in the individual’s blood. (b) Give the reason why the individual cannot receive blood from a blood group A donor.
answers
​(a) (Antigen) B; Rhesus (antigen)/Rhesus factor/Antigen D
(b) Has antibody a in the blood plasma of the recipient and will correspond with antigen A in the donor’s blood, hence there will be antigen antibody reaction/agglutination. K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN02
During a lesson, students observed the structure of bat, cat and human forelimbs to determine their evolutionary relationship.
(a) State the name given to the structure of the limbs observed by the students. (b) Name the type of evolution illustrated by the structure of the limbs observed. (c) What evidence of evolution is illustrated by the limbs? (d) State the significance of the type of evolution illustrated by the limbs.
answers
​(a) The pentadacty/ limb/homologous structures;
(b) Divergent evolution/adaptive radiation; (c) Comparative anatomy; (d) It allows the organisms to exploit different habitats to reduce competition;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN01
State two guidelines that should be followed when typing scientific names.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2015PP1QN01
What is meant by the term binomial nomenclature?
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2014PP1QN27
The diagram below shows the gaseous exchange system of a locust.
​(a) Name the structure labelled Q.
(b) State the function of the part labelled R. (c) How is the part labelled S structurally adapted to its function?
ANSWERS
​ (a) Spiracle;
(b) Keep the trachea open for air passage; (c) Lacks spiral bands of chitin /to make it thin; for diffusion of gases; Moist; to dissolve respiratory gases; K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2014PP1QN26
The table provided shows the concentration of sodium and iodine in sea water and cell sap of a plant.
​(a) (i) Name the process through which the plant cells take up sodium ions.
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a) (i) above. (b) If the plant was sprayed with a chemical that inhibits respiration: (i) which of the two ions uptake will be affected’? (ii) give a reason for your answer in (b) (i) above.
ANSWERS
​(a) (i) Diffusion;
(ii) Sea water contains a higher concentration of sodium ions than the cell sap; (b) (i) Iodide ions; (ii) Sea water has a lower concentration of iodide ions than the cell. The plant requires energy to take up the iodide ions (by active transport); |
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