Mastering KCSE Biology with Comprehensive Topical Questions and Answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN22
State the difference in content of oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide in the air that enters and leaves the human lungs.
answers
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN20
The number of stomata on the lower and upper surfaces of two leaves from plant species X and Y were counted under the field of view of a light microscope. The results were as shown in the table below.
​(a) Which of the two leaves would be expected to have a lower rate of transpiration?
(b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN19
Write an equation that sum manses the process of aerobic respiration.
answers
​Glucose + Oxygen (enzyme)=Carbon IV oxide + water + energy;
C6 H12 06+602 (enzyme)= 6C02+6H20 + ATP
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN19
Apart from the lungs, name two gaseous exchange surfaces in a frog.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN18
Name one salivary gland in humans,
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN16
What is the role of blood platelets in the blood clotting process?
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN16
Describe the condition known as varicose veins.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN10
Name the site of anaerobic respiration in a cell.
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN10
Give two differences in the products of anaerobic respiration between plants and animals.
answers
(i) Lactic acid in animals while in plants it is ethanol/alcohol;
(ii) No carbon IV oxide produced in anaerobic respiration in animals while anaerobic respiration in plants produces carbon IV oxide;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN01
Name two kidney diseases.
answers
​(i) Nephritis;
(ii) kidney stones;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP2QN08
Describe how a finned fish such as Tilapia moves in water.
answers
​Movement of fish in water is by swimming; It involves forward movement and control of the body position in water; Scales overlapping backwards/mucus/streamlined body shape reduces resistance/friction to enhance forward movement; Forward movement (propulsion) is caused by the tail; The tail is (almost half the length of the body of the fish) to enable it create enough force (to enable the fish to push forward);
Propulsion is achieved when the tail pushes sideways against the water; Sideways movements is brought about by muscles arranged in segmented blocks/myotomes on both sides of vertebral column; The muscles contract alternately causing the vertebral column to swing sideways; When muscle blocks on the right relax and those on the left contract; the body bends to the left side; When the muscles of the left relax and those on the right contract; the body bends to the right; The fish uses its fins to control the position of its body in water, During forward movement paired fins/pectoral and pelvic fins lie flat on the body surface to reduce resistance/friction; To change direction the fish uses the paired fins; Paired fins are also used by fish to change its level in water/control/prevent pitching; The fish spreads out the pectoral and pelvic fins at 90 degree to the body; to enable it to brake; Fish can also use the swim bladder to change its level in water; When the bladder fills up with air the fish becomes lighter/more buoyant; making it to rise in water; When the air leaves the bladder the fish becomes heavier; making it to sink deeper in the water; water currents may cause the sideways swaying of the body of the fish! yawing; Dorsal and ventral fins prevent rolling/yawing; K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP2QN02
The diagram below shows blood circulation in a mammalian tissue.
(a) Name the parts labelled P and Q.
P . Q . (b) Name the substances that are: (i) required for respiration that move out of capillaries; (ii) removed from tissue cells as a result of respiration. (e) Explain how substances move from blood capillaries into the tissue cells. (d) Name one component of the blood that is not found in the part labelled P.
answers
(a)
P Tissue fluid/intercellular/interstitial fluid/space; Q Venule; (b) (i) Glucose, oxygen; (ii) Carbon (iv) Oxide, water; (c) Blood entering arteriole has a high pressure; the pressure forces water and small solute molecules in blood to go through capillary wall forming tissue fluids; nutrients/oxygen more into the tissue cells by diffusion; (d) Red Blood cells/proteins/platelets;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN28
State three structural differences between arteries and veins.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN23
Explain three ways in which red blood cells are adapted to their function.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN19
State the changes that occur in arterioles in the human skin during thermoregulation.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN18
Give two reasons why animals have specialised organs for excretion as compared to plants.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN15
A potted plant was kept in the dark for 48 hours, Two leaves X and Y were treated as shown in the diagram below.
The experimental set-up was kept in sunlight for 6 hours after which a starch test was carried out on the two leaves. .
(a) What were the results of the starch test on leaves X and Y’? X Y (b) Give reasons for your answers in (a) above.
answers
a) X — Starch present;
Y-Starch absent; b) X - Acts as a control; Y - CO2 absent absorbed by potassium hydroxide pellets; Explain why it is not advisable to be in a poorly ventilated room with a burning charcoal stove.24/6/2020
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN14
Explain why it is not advisable to be in a poorly ventilated room with a burning charcoal stove.
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN11
The diagram below shows a transverse section of a leaf.
(a) Name the habitat of the plant from which the leaf was obtained.
(b) Give two reasons for your answer in (a) above.
answers
(a) Aquatic;
(b) Large air space/aerenchyma to enhance transpiration; Sclereids for mechanical support of leaf; Stomata on upper epidermis to enhance transpiration:
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN05
State three ways in which a respiratory surface is adapted to its function.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN04
The diagram below shows a specialized plant cell.
(a) (i) Name the cell.
(ii) Name the parts labelled D and E. D E (b) State the function of the part labelled C.
answers
(a)(i) Root hair cell;
(ii) D—cell wall; E — cellsap vacuole; (b) Controls the functioning of the cell; K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN02
The diagram below shows a transverse section of a plant organ.
(a) Name the plant organ from which the section was obtained.
(b) (i) Name the class to which the plant organ was obtained. (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (b)(i) above. (c) Name the part labelled X.
answers
(a) Stem:
(b) (i) Monocotyledonae; (ii) Vascular bundles scattered/not arranged in a ring (c) Epidermis;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN08
Describe the role of the liver in homeostasis in the human body
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN05
Give three functions of pectoral and pelvic fins in a fish
answers
​ - Steering
- Balance - Braking, changing direction - Prevent fish from pitching/ up & down movement K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN05
Name a support tissue in plants thickened with
(i) Cellulose (ii) Lignin
answers
(i) Collencyma
(ii) Xylem/ tracheid/ vessels/ schlerencyma |
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