Mastering KCSE Biology with Comprehensive Topical Questions and Answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN29
The diagram below represents a female cone.
​(a) Name the subdivision of the plant from which the cone was obtained.
(b) Other than the presence of cones, name two other external features that identify plants in the subdivision named in (a) above.
answer
(a) Gymnospermae;
(b) Needle-like leaves (with waxy cuticle); Naked seeds;
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN17
The following is the dental formula of a certain mammal:
(a) State the likely mode of feeding for the mammal.
(b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.
answers
(a) Herbivorous;
(b) Lack canines on upper Jaw/lack incisors on upper jaws;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN16
What is the role of bile salts in digestion in humans?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN12
The diagram below illustrates the structure of bread mould.
(a) Name the part labelled J.
J K (b) State the functions of the structure labelled K.
answers
(a) J – sporangium
K-Rhizoids (b)- Absorption of soluble substances/ digested food - Secretion of digestive enzymes; - Anchorage(of mould on substrate);
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN09
State two ways in which chloroplasts are adapted to their function.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN08
State three external differences between chilopoda and diplopoda.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN07
Distinguish between haemolysis and plasmolysis.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN03
State the functions of:
(a) Ribosomes; (b) Lysosomes.
answers
(a) Protein synthesis
(b) Destroys worn out organdies and micro-organism; K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN01
State the name given to the study of:
(a) the cell; (b) microorganisms.
answers
(a) Cytology;
(b) Microbiology; K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN06
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction catalyzed by an enzyme. The results are shown in the table below
(a)On t he grid provided draw a graph of rate of reaction against temperature
(b) When was the rate of reaction 2.6 mg of product per unit time? (c) Account for the shape of the graph between (i) 5 C and 40 C (ii) 45 C and 60C (d) Other than temperature name two ways in which the rate of reaction between 5C and 40C could be increased (e) (i) Name one digestive enzymes in the human body which works best in acidic condition (ii) How is the acidic condition for the enzyme named in (e) (i) above attained? (f) The acidic conditions in (e) (ii) above is later neutralized (i) Where does the neutralization take place? (ii) Name the substance responsible for neutralization
answers
​(b) 33C and 51.5 ( ± 0.5C)
32.5 - 33.5 and 51.0 – 52.0 (c)(i) As temperature is increased rate of reaction is increased/ more products are formed (per unit time) because enzymes become more active (ii) As temperatures increases rate of reaction decreases less products are formed (unit per time) because enzymes become denatured by high temperatures. (b) Increase in enzyme concentration and substance concentration Increasing number of enzyme (e) (i) Pepsin, remain/ chymosin (ii) Wall of stomach/ gastric gland/ oxyntic/ pariental/ cell produced Hydrochloric (f) (i) Duodenum (ii) Bile juice/ SANS any correct salt e.g. NaHCO3
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN02
Name the substance that is responsible for hardening of teeth
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN02
The diagram below represents the lower jaw of a mammal
(a) Name the mode of nutrition of the mammal whose jaw is shown
(b) State one structural and one functional difference between the teeth labeled J and L Structural Functional (c) (i) name the toothless gap labeled K.
answers
(a) Herbivorous Rej Herbivore Acc Herbivory
(b) Tooth J is narrow/ sharp/ chisel like while tooth L is broad/ ridged J has one root while L has 2/3/4 roots Functional Tooth J is used for cutting while tooth L is used for grinding cutting for biting) (c) (i) Diastema (ii) For manipulation of blood by tongue
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN26
How are the mitochondria adapted to their functions?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN23
state the function of iron in the human body
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN22
Explain how the carnassials teeth of a dog are adapted to their function
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN18
Explain how the following factors affect the rate of photosynthesis:
(a) Concentration of carbon (iv) oxide (b) Light intensity
ANSWERS
​(a) Rate of photosynthesis increases as CO2 concentration increases up to a certain level/ optimum level and ( vise versa)Reverse:
b)The rate of photosynthesis decreases with decrease in CO2 concentration until it stop rate of photosynthesis increases as the light intensity up to an optimum level (and vice versa) K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN13
State one role that is played by osmosis in
(i) Plants (ii) Animals
ANSWERS
(i) absorption of water from the soil by root hair cells/ movement of water between plant cells/ from cell to cell/ opening one closing of stomata/ support in herbaceous plants due to turgidity / feeding in insectivorous plant.
(ii) Water reabsorption by blood capillaries from renal tubules/ absorption of water in colour dicututary/ canal/ gut movement of water from cell to cell in animals.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN13
Distinguish between diffusion and active transport
ANSWER
In diffusion molecules move from a highly conc. Region to a lowly conc. Region while in active transport molecules move from a lowly concentration region to a highly concentration region; on diffusion molecules move along conc. gradient while in active transport molecules move against conc. gradient. No energy is required in diffusion while energy is required in active transport/ active requires carrier molecules while carrier molecule not required in diffusion;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN07
State the function of the following cell organelles
(a) Ribosome (b) Lysosomes
ANSWERS
​(a) site for protein synthesis
(b) Break down worn out cells/ organelles / food materials K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN03
State the functions of the following parts of a light microscope
(a) Objective lens (b) Diaphragm
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN01
State two characteristics of fungi
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN01
Name the external feature which is common in birds, fish and reptiles
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN05
A freshly obtained dandelion stem measuring 5 cm long was split lengthwise to obtain two similar pieces The pieces were placed in solutions of different concentrations in Petri dishes for 20 minutes.
The appearance after 20 minutes is as shown
​(a) Account for the appearance of the pieces in solutions L1 and L2
(b) State the significance of the biological process involved in the experiment
answers
​(a) L1
Inner cells gained water by Osmosis; hence increased in length; epidermal cells did not gain water because they are covered by a water proof cuticle leading to currature. L2 Inner cells lost water by osmosis; leading to (flaccidity) decrease in length; epidermal cells did not lose water due to waterproof leading to currature (b) Support in (herbaceous) plants Absorption of water Opening and closing of stomata Movement of water from cell to cell Leading in infectious plants Folding of leaves in the Mimosa K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN03
The equation below represents a process that takes place in plants
6CO2 + 6H2O→C6H12O6 + 602 (a) Name the process (b) State two conditions necessary for the process to take place (c) State what happens to the end- products of the process
answers
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Light (energy) Chlorophyll (c) Oxygen – used in respiration, oxidation Released into the atmosphere Glucose – used in respiration Converted to sucrose or starch for storage Used in formation of sturdiness allulose cell wall/ cytoplasm K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN25
Giving a reason in each case, name the class to w which each of the following organisms
Bean plant Reason Bat Reason
ANSWERS
Bean plant - Dicotyledonae
Reason Leaves have net veined; two cotyledon; tap root system; xylem with phloem in between the arms Bat Flying mammal Reason Have sweat glands; 3 ear ossicle; presence of fur; mammaring glands |
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